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Saphhire Windows

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Sapphire Windows provide durable optical protection for sensors, detectors, and laser systems without affecting magnification. They feature high transparency from UV to mid-IR and strong resistance to heat and corrosion, making them reliable in infrared imaging and harsh environments. HM is a professional supplier and manufacturer of high-quality sapphire windows.

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Data sheet

Density3.97–4.1 g/cm3
MaterialsAI2O3
Melting Piont2045 ℃

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Sapphire Windows are precision optical plates that protect sensors and detectors while maintaining optical clarity. With a wide transmission range from ultraviolet to mid-infrared and excellent durability under high temperature and chemical exposure, they perform reliably in industrial, scientific, and laser applications. Heeger Materials provides high-quality Sapphire Windows for demanding optical and environmental conditions.

Sapphire Windows

Sapphire Windows Properties

CategoryPropertySpecification
General CompositionChemical FormulaAluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃), single crystal
Crystal StructureCrystal SystemTrigonal, hexagonal lattice
Melting Point2045℃
Physical PropertiesThermal Expansion CoefficientParallel to optical axis: 6.7 × 10⁻⁶ /K
Perpendicular to optical axis: 5.0 × 10⁻⁶ /K
Specific Heat0.18 Cal/g·K (25℃)
Poisson’s Ratio0.28
Density3.97–4.1 g/cm³
HardnessMohs: 9
Vickers (Hv) ≥1700 kg/mm²
Elastic Modulus340–380 GPa
Compressive Strength2.1 GPa
Tensile Strength0.19 GPa
Flexural Strength448 MPa
Optical PropertiesRefractive IndexParallel: 1.769
Perpendicular: 1.76
Transmission86% (280–3500 nm)
Electrical PropertiesResistivity>10¹⁶ Ω·cm (25℃)
Dielectric Constant7.5–10
Chemical PropertiesCorrosion ResistanceNot corroded by acids or alkalis at room temperature

Sapphire Windows Specifications

ItemSpecification
DimensionsDiameter up to 300 mm; for non-circular shapes, max diagonal ≤ 300 mm
Thickness0.05–300 mm (For ultra-thin sheets, diameter-to-thickness ratio < 500:1)
Parallelism10″
Thickness Uniformity<2 μm @150 mm
Surface QualityOptions: 80/50, 60/40, 40/20, 20/10, 10/5
FlatnessPV: RMS ≤1/4λ @632.8 nm
CoatingAnti-reflective or blocking coating per customer request
PackagingTray packaging or cleanroom vacuum packaging

Sapphire Windows Types

Sapphire Coated Optical Window

Sapphire Coated Optical Window features single or double-sided coatings that enhance performance across the sapphire transmission range (280–5500 nm), increasing the transmittance of specific bands from 85% up to 92–98%. Coatings can also be designed as blocking filters for targeted wavelengths. For high-power laser applications, these windows can be produced with high-threshold coatings, optimized through material and coating system design to withstand intense laser exposure while maintaining durability and optical clarity.

Sapphire Coated Optical Window

Sapphire UV-Grade Window

Sapphire UV-Grade Window is made from high-quality KY sapphire, an excellent material for ultraviolet applications. Standard sapphire typically transmits UV starting from 220 nm, but our low-absorption KY sapphire windows extend the UV transmission edge down to 168 nm. Combined with precision coating technology, these UV-grade windows provide enhanced transmittance and performance across a broader UV spectrum, meeting the needs of advanced optical, scientific, and industrial applications.

Sapphire UV-Grade Window

Sapphire Transmission Window

Sapphire Transmission Window is one of the most widely used types of sapphire windows. To meet the requirements of imaging, high-power laser, and precision measurement applications, our sapphire transmission windows are processed for high transmittance and superior surface quality. Wavefront distortion can reach as low as 1/20λ, surface quality up to 10/5 grade, and surface roughness below 0.5 nm, ensuring excellent optical performance and reliability.

Sapphire Transmission Window

Sapphire Single-Side Reflective Window

Sapphire Single-Side Reflective Window is widely used in optical tracking, measurement, and fiber reflection applications. Thanks to the excellent stability and durability of sapphire, it is increasingly replacing traditional materials such as quartz. Our sapphire reflective windows achieve single-side surface flatness (PV) up to 1/20λ, surface quality of 10/5 grade, and surface roughness below 0.5 nm. Additional services, including metal reflective coatings and anti-reflective coatings, are also available to meet specific application requirements.

Sapphire Single-Side Reflective Window

Sapphire Protective Window

Sapphire Protective Window is specially designed using the excellent physical and chemical properties of sapphire to protect internal instruments or sealed containers in harsh environments such as high temperature, high pressure, or corrosive conditions. These windows effectively isolate the internal components from the external environment while allowing safe observation. Depending on the application, Sapphire Protective Windows can be categorized as pressure-resistant, high-temperature resistant, deep-water resistant, or corrosion-resistant. They are widely used in underwater detection, high-temperature operations, oilfield exploration, pressure vessels, chemical plants, and high-power laser protection.

Sapphire Protective Window

Ultra-Thin Sapphire Window

Ultra-Thin Sapphire Window refers to optical flat windows with a thickness below 0.1 mm. Using advanced double-sided polishing equipment, Heeger Materials can achieve highly stable and precise processing, maintaining excellent control over pressure and flatness. This allows for consistent batch production of ultra-thin sapphire windows ranging from 0.05 mm to 0.1 mm, providing high-quality optical performance for applications requiring minimal thickness and maximum transparency.

Ultra-Thin Sapphire Window

Sapphire Infrared Transmittance at Different Thicknesses

Sapphire Infrared Transmittance at Different Thicknesses

Sapphire Windows Key Features

  • High-Purity Material: Made from KY-grown sapphire crystals with ultra-high purity, total impurity content <2 ppm, offering low absorption and high transmission in the ultraviolet range.
  • Superior Surface Quality: Polished to a surface quality of at least 40/20, with roughness <0.2 nm and flatness better than 1/20λ, ensuring excellent optical performance.
  • Flaw-Free Appearance: Free from chips, cracks, or internal defects, preventing defect propagation and ensuring long-term reliability and durability.

Sapphire Windows Applications

  • Optical Sensors and Detectors: Protect sensitive components while maintaining high optical clarity for precise measurements.
  • High-Power Laser Systems: Withstands intense laser exposure, providing durability and stable optical performance.
  • Industrial Monitoring: Serves as observation windows in high-temperature, high-pressure, or corrosive environments.
  • Scientific and Research Equipment: Supports precision imaging, spectroscopy, and measurement applications.
  • Underwater and Harsh Environment Equipment: Used in deep-water detection, oilfield exploration, and chemical processing for reliable protection and observation.

Sapphire Windows Packing And Shipping

Sapphire Windows will be securely packaged in sturdy containers with cushioning materials to prevent movement or damage during shipping. This careful packaging ensures that the product arrives in perfect condition, maintaining its high-quality standards throughout the delivery process.

Saphhire Windows Packing

Where to Buy Sapphire Windows in Bulk?

Heeger Materials Inc., a professional supplier and manufacturer of high-quality Functional Crystals products including Sapphire Windows, leverages extensive expertise in supply and export to offer competitive prices. We provide customized solutions to meet specific requirements, ensuring exceptional quality and customer satisfaction.

Heeger Materials Inc. was established in 2016 in Colorado, USA. We specialize in premium-grade metals, alloys, ceramics, powders, and other materials catering to research, development, and large-scale industrial production in scientific and industrial sectors. 

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