Sapphire Substrate

Data sheet

Diameter	2-inch, 4-inch, and 6-inch standard diameters, or customized
Thick	100μm, 280μm, 300μm, 350μm, 430μm, 500μm, 650μm, 1mm or customized
Materials	Al2O3

More info

Sapphire Substrate is a high-quality single crystal of aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), known for its exceptional hardness, second only to diamond. It offers excellent optical transparency, outstanding mechanical strength, and remarkable resistance to wear, chemical corrosion, and extreme temperatures. These properties make sapphire an ideal material for semiconductor optoelectronic device fabrication. Available in 2-inch, 4-inch, and 6-inch standard diameters, as well as custom sizes, our substrates can be provided with C-plane, M-plane, or R-plane orientation. Surface finishes include single-side and double-side polish, and thicknesses range from 100 μm to 1 mm or customized upon request. Sapphire substrates are widely used in LED production, GaN epitaxy, superconducting thin films like YBCO and MgB₂, and high-temperature infrared windows in defense and research applications. Heeger Materials (HM) provides high-purity Sapphire Substrate with consistent performance and supports custom specifications for advanced photonics and electronic needs.

Sapphire Substrate

Sapphire Substrate Properties

Category	Property	Value / Description
General Properties	Chemical Composition	Single-crystal Aluminum Oxide (Al₂O₃)
	Crystal Structure	Trigonal system, hexagonal lattice
	Melting Point	2045 °C
Physical Properties	Thermal Expansion Coefficient	6.7 × 10⁻⁶ /K (parallel to c-axis) 5.0 × 10⁻⁶ /K (perpendicular to c-axis)
	Specific Heat	0.18 Cal/g·K (at 25 °C)
	Poisson's Ratio	0.28
	Density	3.97–4.1 g/cm³
	Hardness	Mohs: 9 Vickers (Hv): ≥1700 kg/mm²
	Elastic Modulus	340–380 GPa
	Compressive Strength	2.1 GPa
	Tensile Strength	0.19 GPa
	Flexural Strength	448 MPa
Optical Properties	Refractive Index	1.769 (parallel to c-axis) 1.76 (perpendicular to c-axis)
Optical Properties	Transmittance	86% (in the range of 280–3500 nm)
Electrical Properties	Electrical Resistivity	> 10¹⁶ Ω·cm (at 25 °C)
Electrical Properties	Dielectric Constant	7.5–10
Chemical Properties	Corrosion Resistance	Resistant to acid and alkali at room temperature

Sapphire Substrate Specifications

Item	Specification
Dimensions	6 inch (150/159 mm) / 4 inch (100/104 mm) (Diameter tolerance ±0.05 mm)
Thickness	1 mm / 0.7 mm (Thickness tolerance ±0.002 mm)
Parallelism	10″
Thickness Uniformity	<2 μm @ 25 pcs
Surface Quality	80/50
Surface Flatness	PV: RMS ≤1/4λ @ 632.8 nm
Coating	None
Packaging	Tray or clean cassette packaging

Sapphire Substrate Transmittance Vs. Wavelength Curve

Standard Grade Vs. Custom Grade UV Band Transmittance

Sapphire Substrate Applications

LED and Laser Diode Substrates: Sapphire substrates are the preferred base for epitaxial growth of GaN layers used in blue, violet, and white LEDs as well as blue laser diodes (LDs). Their high thermal conductivity and lattice compatibility enable efficient light emission and long-term device reliability.
Infrared Optical Windows: With excellent transmission from 280 nm to 3500 nm and high mechanical strength, sapphire is used for infrared windows and lenses in high-temperature and high-pressure environments. These are essential in aerospace, defense, and industrial sensing systems.
Superconducting Film Substrates: Sapphire is an important substrate for fabricating high-temperature superconducting thin films, such as YBCO, La-based oxides, and MgB₂. These films are used in magnetic sensing, power electronics, and superconducting quantum devices.
Substrates for Semiconductor Devices: Thanks to its insulating properties and resistance to radiation and thermal stress, sapphire is ideal for microelectronic applications including RF ICs, microwave integrated circuits, and high-power transistors.
Scientific and Military Applications: Sapphire’s outstanding hardness, wear resistance, and chemical stability make it suitable for precision instruments, protective sensor windows, and missile domes used in advanced military and scientific environments.

Sapphire Substrate Packing And Shipping

Sapphire Substrate will be securely packaged in sturdy containers with cushioning materials to prevent movement or damage during shipping. This careful packaging ensures that the product arrives in perfect condition, maintaining its high-quality standards throughout the delivery process.

Where to Buy Sapphire Substrate in Bulk?

Heeger Materials Inc., a professional supplier and manufacturer of high-quality Wafers ＆ Substrates products including Sapphire Substrate, leverages extensive expertise in supply and export to offer competitive prices. We provide customized solutions to meet specific requirements, ensuring exceptional quality and customer satisfaction.

Heeger Materials Inc. was established in 2016 in Colorado, USA. We specialize in premium-grade metals, alloys, ceramics, powders, and other materials catering to research, development, and large-scale industrial production in scientific and industrial sectors.

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